PRESENT PERFECT "HAVE / HAS"

PRESENT PERFECT "HAVE / HAS"

The present perfect is used to talk about an experience, and if i want to give details of the experience, the simple past will be used.

The "present perfect" of any verb is composed of two elements: the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb to have (in present) and the "past participle" of the main verb. The form of the "past participle" of a regular verb is root + ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked. As for the irregular verbs, consult the Table of irregular verbs in the section 'Verbs'.

Afirmativa
Sujeto	to have	past participle
She	has	visited.
Negativa
Sujeto	to have + not	past participle
She	has not (hasn't)	visited.
Interrogativa
to have	sujeto	past participle
Has	she	visited?
Interrogativa negativa
to have + not	sujeto	past participle
Hasn't	she	visited?

           

 

 

 

 

EXAMPLES OF  "PRESENT PERFECT"

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I have walked	I haven't walked	Have I walked?
You have walked	You haven't walked.	Have you walked?
He, she, it has walked	He, she, hasn't walked	Has he, she, it walked?
We have walked	We haven't walked	Have we walked?
You have walked	You haven't walked	Have you walked?
They have walked	They haven't walked	Have they walked?

EL "PRESENT PERFECT" SE UTILIZA PARA DESCRIBIR

• Una acción o situación iniciada en el pasado y que continúa en el presente. I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= todavía vivo allí.)
• Una acción realizada durante un periodo de tiempo aún no concluido. Shehas beento the cinema twice this week (= la semana todavía no ha terminado.)
• Una acción repetida en un periodo temporal inespecífico situado entre el pasado y el presente. We have visited Portugal several times.
• Una acción que ha concluido en un pasado muy reciente, lo que se indica mediante 'just'. I have just finished my work.
• Una acción para la cual no es importante el momento preciso en que aconteció. He has read 'War and Peace'. (= lo relevante es el resultado de la acción)